Catherine the Great: Portrait of a Woman by Robert K. Massie

Each member of the book club at my local library reads a different book on the same topic. The topic for our meeting in July was biography or memoir. I originally thought of reading Walter Isaacson’s biography of Steve Jobs. However, one our members is retired from IT and avoids it like crazy. So I looked elsewhere. I remember that a member of my other book club recommended a biography of Catherine the Great of Russia. I checked in with her to find out which book that was. It turned out to be Catherine the Great: Portrait of a Woman by Robert K. Massie.

Last year I started watching a Russian television production on Amazon Prime entitled Ekaterina that was about Catherine the Great, so I was already familiar with the early part of her story. She was German minor nobility and was born Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst. She met her future husband, her second cousin Charles Peter Ulrich of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp and grandson of Peter the Great, on a trip to Berlin when she was ten. The marriage was later arranged by Peter the Great’s daughter and then Empress of Russia, Elizabeth. She renamed her nephew Peter and designated him as her successor. He hated Russia and worshiped Frederick the Great and all things Prussian. After Catherine married him, he refused to consummate the marriage preferring to play soldier. Catherine was forced to conceive an heir by another man. After Elizabeth died, Peter became Emperor Peter III. This was short lived. He was viewed by the nobility as not reliable. Catherine had gotten the nobility and the Russian people on her side. With their help, she overthrew her husband and became Empress Catherine.

She was an unusual woman in history and for her time. While believing enlightened monarchy was the only right government for Russia, she loved Russia and her people. She was also a woman who desired love and companionship though she never quite found a satisfying partner. Grigory Potemkin came closest to a true love and may have been her second husband. However, he could never quite get over his jealousy of her former lovers. Still very much in love, they lived the last years of their marriage separated. Catherine was also an astute politician, patron of the arts, and supporter of Enlightenment ideas.

The major thread of this biography is Catherine’s humanity. She is a whole person that we get to know. Her life was challenging, but she was strong. The other people in the book also show up as real people. That’s what stands out. This is not dry, boring history. This is the fascinating story of Russian leaders living their lives. You can’t get a more vivid portrait of this woman or her times.

My rating: 5/5

Inverting The Pyramid: The History of Soccer Tactics by Jonathan Wilson

Earlier this year, I went looking for soccer books to read in hotels while I was out of town reffing soccer matches. This was one of the books I chose. I was interested to learn more about tactics as I never learned any while playing in high school and hear a lot about them during the games I ref. It also didn hurt that I saw this one on Ted Lasso. I finally finished it at a tournament last weekend.

This book was overwhelming. It packs the history of tactics in with a lot of names and history, much of which I was completely unfamiliar with. It felt a bit like War and Peace for soccer. It might have meant more to someone from Europe who is more steeped in the game. In any case, I just let the names flow over me as I did my best to absorb how the game has changed.

And that was what fascinated me most, how the way the game is played has changed so much over the years. I even learned about how the rules have changed. I was unaware of the evolution of the offside rule. That one was particularly interesting to me. So despite there being so much information, I enjoyed all that I learned.

My rating: 4/5

Meditations by Marcus Aurelius translated by Gregory Hays

Over the years, I have heard about this book many times. Most recently it was from Ryan Holiday. He raves about how this book (and this translation in particular) changed his life. I finally decided to give it a go.

Essentially it is the thoughts of the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius. It was never meant to be published. He used it to think through things and remind himself of the kind of man he wanted to be. It reads mainly as a kind of list of aphorisms.

This book is unique. It is a glimpse into the thinking of an actual Roman Emperor. But I just couldn’t get through it. It was interesting, but very repetitive. I also appreciated the translator’s introduction and how it gave context. It really made the writing accessible to the modern reader. Maybe too accessible. It didn’t sound that surprising or out of the ordinary. That’s part of what made it so amazing and so dull. About three-quarters of the way through the book, I just couldn’t bring myself to pick it up any more and abandoned it.

My rating: 3/5

How Football Began: A Global History of How the World’s Football Codes Were Born by Tony Collins

A little less than a year ago, I became a soccer referee. Since then, I have refereed all ages from ten up to adult, in club games and high school. I love the beautiful game, but I didn’t really know where it came from. After doing a little research, I found this short history. The full text of the book is available for free online here.

It covers from the beginnings of football in the mid-nineteenth century in England through the mid-twentieth century. The focus is on the early part of the history, the first fifty to seventy years. When I picked up the book, I knew about the relationship between soccer (or association football) and rugby football. But I didn’t know much about how those games evolved separately into all the varieties we have now like American football, Canadian football, and Australian Rules football. This book is a great introduction to the development and relationships between all those football rules.

The writing, however, was not the best. It might be a cultural thing. This book was written and published originally in England. Regardless, I found much of the writing stilted and some of the sentence construction would just yank me out of the narrative. That said, the stories and information, including the extensive notes and bibliography, are so valuable I would highly recommend this book to anyone interested in any variety of football.

My rating: 3.5/5

The Notebook: A History of Thinking on Paper by Roland Allen

I’ve kept a journal on and off throughout my life. And of course I’ve kept notes while going to school. I now find myself keeping notes on all sorts of things that interest me, especially what I read. So when Austin Kleon recommended this book in his weekly newsletter, I added it to my reading list. But I didn’t read it right away. It was so good, I wish I had.

When my partner asked me what I was reading and I told her about this book, she naturally thought that it sounded boring. And to some people, it might be. But for those interested in the history of thought, this is a brilliant book. Here are just a few of the subjects covered.

The invention of accounting
Sketchbooks in Renaissance Italy
Ships’ logs
Travelers’ notebooks
The development of calculus
Diaries and journals
Police notebooks
Recipe books
Bullet journaling
Patient diaries

That list may still come across as dry, but the author writes in a very conversational style that tends toward modern narrative nonfiction. He reports conversations he had with experts and dives into the lives of those in the various notebooks. Instead of being dry reporting, it immerses the reader in the lives and the “whys” of the keepers of the notebooks. This is a fascinating history of thinking on paper.

My rating: 4.5/5

In the Garden of Beasts: Love, Terror, and an American Family in Hitler’s Berlin by Erik Larson

This book has been on my list so long that I don’t recall how specifically it got there. I know that I love to learn from history and found intriguing a book about what it was like to live in Nazi Germany as Hitler and the Nazis consolidated power. I picked this up now due to the political situation here in the US.

Shortly after the Reichstag fire on February 27, 1933, Franklin Roosevelt named an erudite professor at the University of Chicago as the ambassador to Germany. He was not the president’s first choice, or even his second choice. He was way down the line as no one else seemed to want the job. In July of 1933 Professor Dodd and his wife, son, and daughter, all moved to Berlin. This book follows their experience of living under Hitler as violence against Jews and foreigners rose there, culminating in the Night of the Long Knives that started on June 30, 1934. It is as much about the private life of his daughter Martha as it is about his experience as ambassador. As such, it is a very interesting look inside the social as well as the political world within Nazi Germany.

This is a remarkable book about what it was like to experience first hand the rise of Nazi power in Germany. It is astounding how willing everyone was to look away and make excuses, both foreign and domestic. The US government was myopically interested in getting bond payments on WWI debt. Europe was intent on avoiding another devastating war. With today’s political world rhyming so closely with the 1930s, there is a lot to learn from the history in this book.

My rating: 4.5/5

On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century by TImothy Snyder

I don’t recall how this book came to my attention. I normally write down what prompted me to add a book to my list. Unfortunately, I did not do that for this book. Still, I know exactly why I decided to read this book now. Due to the authoritarian bent of our incoming president, I was looking for some comfort and answers on how to respond.

On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century is a collection of twenty essays for what to do in the face of growing authoritarianism in a country. No current politician or political party is mentioned. The points made are all based on historical experiences of countries with despotism. A few of the points most relevant today are “Do not obey in advance” as this gives the regime power without even being challenged, “Make eye contact and small talk” because this builds community across political divides and humanizes the other, and “Be calm when the unthinkable happens” in order to respond in a rational way that can actually make a difference.

The writing here is short and pithy. The book packs a lot into its only 128 pages. I felt that the writing was a bit slow in the first few chapters, but by the latter half of the book the points and their historical support had me nodding along in full agreement. I highly recommend this book for our times. It just might lower levels of panic while encouraging the fortitude required to prevent a slide into a state that no one really wants.

My rating: 5/5

Breath by James Nestor

I heard the author of this book interviewed on the People I (Mostly) Admire podcast. I heard a lot of amazing and seemingly outlandish claims about breathing. But the interviewer is someone I trust who had tried the things discussed. He was amazed at his results, so I decided to read the book myself.

The text tells the author’s journey of discovery. He suffered from pulmonary issues himself and sought out ways to improve his life. The journey took over ten years. He starts with an experiment that he did with a friend and colleague with lab results measured by Stanford University. They both got a long series of tests. Then they plugged their noses for ten full days so they could only breath through their mouths. For those ten days they ate and exercised to a precise schedule so they could reproduce the same activities when they were breathing through their noses for the following ten days. They got all the same tests at the end of the first ten days and at the end of the full twenty days. They had all sorts of issues when breathing through their mouths that simply went away when they started breathing through their noses. These included higher blood pressure, snoring, and mild sleep apnea. The rest of the book explores the author’s research on what affects breathing and how to breathe to improve health.

I was astounded by what this book uncovered! I am looking forward to putting much of it into practice myself. I already find myself keeping my mouth closed and breathing through my nose as much as I can. There is an appendix with breathing exercises as well as a link to videos that also show how they are done. The only quibbles I have are that due to the excellent structure for telling about all he learned, the author’s storytelling arcs are a bit confusing at times. He had to jump around a bit in his timeline to intelligently gather the details for the book. And there isn’t a coherent single description for what a reader should do with this information. The author isn’t a physician, so this is likely on purpose. He does support all that he presents, though, with scientific studies from doctors and other scientists. I am looking forward to building a breathing practice that I expect will help me to stay as healthy as I can as I age.

My rating: 4.5/5

Blood in the Machine by Brian Merchant

I’ve heard about this book many times in the year since it was first published. I think I first read about it when Cory Doctorow reviewed it on his blog. But the most recent time it came to my attention and that finally nudged me to pick it up was Austin Kleon’s weekly Friday post on Substack. With all that is going on in the world with technology in general and AI in particular, I felt it was time to read this. In fact, I should have read it much sooner.

If anyone has heard the term “Luddite”, it was most likely used as a slur to refer to someone who doesn’t like technology and is vehemently against its adoption. This is a slander against the original Luddites. The book sets out to correct this mistaken myth about them and also to show how we can learn from them how to resist technology when it is bad for workers and for humans in general. The Luddites did not hate technology. They embraced it when it improved not only business but also their lives, both at work and at home. They began to resist when new machines became a danger to both. They took action to destroy those machines when their government would do nothing to protect them or their children against that negative present and future. Interestingly, they never set out to harm any individual, with a single exception.

The author definitely has a thesis that he sets out to prove. This is no neutral history. That said, his case is supremely persuasive. The background politics seem to rhyme with what is happening now, especially with the attitude of big business toward technology as an unmitigated good and the treatment of anyone who resists those technologies as ignorant fools fighting against the future. Ultimately, this is the story of power over others. It made me wonder why one small group of people is so unwilling to share the financial rewards of technology with the very workers who make that improvement possible? My entire life I have seen economic systems that represent capital (capitalism) and labor (socialism/communism) at war with one another. Is there no system that we can design that honors the value brought to economies by *both* capital *and* labor? This book creates the fertile ground on which we may one day find an answer to that question.

My rating: 5/5

Why Are People Into That? by Tina Horn

I receive a number of bookish newsletters. One of those is by Neil Pasricha. In his latest newsletter, he made an unusual recommendation. As the third book he recommended this title. When he picked it up at a bookstore in Ottawa and browsed the table of contents he “could feel internal aversions and curiosities, and knew I should probably pick it up to learn more.” That piqued my curiosity, so I borrowed it from my library.

Each chapter covers a different fetish, such as “Feet”, “Spanking”, and “Orgies”. They open with a frank discussion of what they are and a compassionate look as to why people enjoy them. I appreciated this approach, especially for the chapters I was less comfortable with like “Consensual Nonconsent”.

I highly recommend this book for those whose only exposure to kinks is mainstream movies or porn. Both show fetishists as out of touch weirdos. From this book, I learned that there is much more to what turns people on than the surface understanding that comes from such sources. It is a real exercise in understanding the motivations of others. And that is a valuable experience regardless of the subject matter.

My rating: 4/5